What does ATP stand for in cellular biology?

In cellular biology, ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate. This molecule is often referred to as the energy currency of the cell because it plays a crucial role in storing and transferring energy within cells. ATP consists of an adenosine molecule bonded to three phosphate groups. When the terminal phosphate bond is broken through hydrolysis, energy is released, which is then used to power various cellular processes, such as muscle contraction, protein synthesis, and cellular signaling.

The significance of ATP extends to its role in metabolism, where it functions as a substrate in many biochemical reactions. It is also essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis, driving various transport mechanisms, and functioning in signaling pathways. Therefore, understanding ATP is fundamental to studying cellular and molecular biology, as it is integral to energy metabolism and cellular function.